首先查看容器名称

[root@localhost ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE                         COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS                    PORTS                                      NAMES
beef5f3420e7        jumpserver/nginx:alpine2      "sh -c 'crond -b -d …"   4 weeks ago         Up 36 minutes (healthy)   0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp, 0.0.0.0:443->443/tcp   jms_nginx
f7ff9cf68539        jumpserver/luna:v2.7.0        "/docker-entrypoint.…"   4 weeks ago         Up 36 minutes (healthy)   80/tcp                                     jms_luna
6a8ff0438403        jumpserver/lina:v2.7.0        "/docker-entrypoint.…"   4 weeks ago         Up 36 minutes (healthy)   80/tcp                                     jms_lina
b55210e92336        jumpserver/guacamole:v2.7.0   "/init"                  4 weeks ago         Up 36 minutes (healthy)   8080/tcp                                   jms_guacamole
9bbc52eea192        jumpserver/koko:v2.7.0        "./entrypoint.sh"        4 weeks ago         Up 36 minutes (healthy)   0.0.0.0:2222->2222/tcp, 5000/tcp           jms_koko
6e7ade548b2c        jumpserver/core:v2.7.0        "./entrypoint.sh sta…"   4 weeks ago         Up 36 minutes (healthy)   8070/tcp, 8080/tcp                         jms_celery
4c0f617bed96        jumpserver/core:v2.7.0        "./entrypoint.sh sta…"   4 weeks ago         Up 36 minutes (healthy)   8070/tcp, 8080/tcp                         jms_core
c409697af4ee        jumpserver/mysql:5            "docker-entrypoint.s…"   6 months ago        Up 36 minutes (healthy)   3306/tcp, 33060/tcp                        jms_mysql
6d16657cd0e1        jumpserver/redis:6-alpine     "docker-entrypoint.s…"   6 months ago        Up 36 minutes (healthy)   6379/tcp                                   jms_redis

进入并新建一个mysql容器控制台

 docker exec -it jms_mysql /bin/bash

进行数据库表备份,然后复制备份文件到本地

[root@localhost opt]# docker exec -it jms_mysql /bin/bash
[root@c409697af4ee:/# mysqldump -h$DB_HOST -P$DB_PORT -u$DB_USER -p$DB_PASSWORD $DB_NAME > /opt/jumpserver.sql
[root@c409697af4ee:/# exit
[root@localhost opt]# docker cp jms_mysql:/opt/jumpserver.sql /opt/